Completed national projects

Objectives:

Coordination: Marie-Line Gallenne

Dates: 06/11/2013 - 06/11/2016

Project funder: DSR [Ministry]

Laboratory involvement:

People involved in LESCOT: Catherine Gabaude

Objectives:

Set up in cooperation with the city of Bron (Rhône), the project aimed to: draw up an assessment of the living conditions and mobility of people aged 60 and over in the municipality; provide the CCAS with an insight into the determinants of the quality of life of the oldest residents of Bron; identify the specific features of the residential areas; identify the levers for future preventive or corrective action to improve the living conditions of residents aged 60 and over. For Lescot, the aim was to shed light on a more general question concerning the determinants of living conditions, mobility and social participation of the elderly, with a focus on the scale of a municipality.

Coordination: IFSTTAR/TS2/Lescot (Aline Alauzet)

Partners: City of Bron (CCAS). Project set up as part of the workshops for the Rencontres Scientifiques Nationaux de Bron: a project to co-construct and co-disseminate knowledge on the theme of ‘sustainable, social and civic cities’ involving Ifsttar and the City of Bron.

Dates: 01/10/2014 - 01/06/2015

Project funder: Cooperative project with Ifsttar and the city of Bron sharing the cost of sending out the questionnaire survey

Laboratory involvement: The laboratory initiated the project in conjunction with the Director of the CCAS and the Bron councillor responsible for the elderly, and was responsible for its scientific coordination and implementation.

People involved in LESCOT: Aline Alauzet, Myriam Evennou

Objectives:

• To gain a better understanding of the driving situations in which older drivers are most at risk and to identify the difficulties that may or may not be caused by ageing
• Propose preventive measures and retraining programmes tailored to older drivers, helping them to correctly assess their skills and implement appropriate driving strategies

Coordination: C. Gabaude (Ifsttar-TS2-Lescot) & S. Lafont (Ifsttar-TS2-Umrestte)

Partners: J.L. Martin (Ifsttar-TS2-Umrestte), L. Paire-Ficout (Ifsttar-TS2-Umrestte)

Dates: 06/11/2015 - 19/05/2018

Project funder: Road Safety Delegation (DSR)

Laboratory involvement: Carrying out a review of the issues to identify actions to better support older people in their mobility choices

People involved in LESCOT: C. Gabaude, L. Paire-Ficout, M. Hay

Objectives:

The aim of this project is to identify and understand the mechanisms that produce cumulative inequalities in access to transport for disabled people - inequalities of a social or territorial nature, or inequalities linked to the inaccessibility of transport. A quantitative analysis (Ifsttar/Lescot and LET-ENTPE) was carried out on the basis of available transport surveys and health and disability surveys, and demonstrated the cumulative effect of these different types of inequality on the mobility of people with disabilities. The 2nd part of the project, carried out as part of a post-doctorate at Lescot, is aimed at gathering the experience of disabled people and voluntary and institutional players, more specifically on the methods and constraints of the residential choices of disabled people, in relation to access to transport.

Coordination: Ifsttar-TS2-Lescot (Aline Alauzet)

Partners: LET-ENTPE (Pascal Pochet) - for quantitative analysis.

Dates: 05/07/2013 - 11/04/2015

Project funder: Financement PST Rhône-Alpes, Axe « Mobilités et inégalités » (MEDDE/DGITM, convention Certu-Ifsttar).

Laboratory involvement:

In addition to the quantitative analysis, Lescot is conducting the fieldwork. Its aim is to analyse the factors involved in the residential choices made by disabled people, and to identify the obstacles to accessing housing that would be suitable both in terms of location and interior adaptation, as well as the levers for action that would make it possible to remove these obstacles. The analysis focuses on the needs of people with motor, sensory, psychological, mental or cognitive disabilities. The aim is to identify the constraints weighing on their residential choices and to analyse how they cope with these constraints, with a particular focus on the issue of transport. This will be done by collecting testimonies from disabled people and from various players in the disability and housing sectors in Greater Lyon.

People involved in LESCOT: Aline Alauzet, Gwenaëlle Raton (post-doctorante)

Document: ResumeProjetPST-RA_A2P2_Ifsttar-Certu

Publications: Raton, G. and Alauzet, A. (2014). Residential choices of persons with disabilities. Third Annual Conference of ALTER-European Society for Disability Research, Lisbon, July 3-4th 2014.

Objectives:

The project (for PRatiques de lOisir de la MOto sportive sur circuit : étude des effets potentiels sur la SECUrité Routière), funded by the MAIF Foundation as part of a national call for projects devoted to ‘accident risks associated with leisure activities’, looked at the potential effects of motorbike sport on speed circuits on road safety. More specifically, it addressed the following question: does motorcycling on a closed circuit lead to ‘risky’ behaviour on the open road or, conversely, does it encourage the emergence of calmer motorcycling practices on the road, particularly among young ‘sport’ motorcyclists aged 18 to 25?

Coordination: IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT

Partners: Aurélie Banet (Psychologue indépendante), CEREMA

Dates: 18/10/2013 - 31/03/2017

Project funder: Fondation Maif

Laboratory involvement:

Le LESCOT était en charge du pilotage complet du projet, de la définition de la méthodologie jusqu’à l’analyse et la diffusion des résultats obtenus.

La méthodologie conçue et déployée pour PROMOSECUR comportait 3 volets :

• Une enquête à grande échelle diffusée sur le net (à laquelle ont répondu 2113 motocyclistes de tous âges et profils),
• Des questionnaires ciblés (administrés en ligne auprès de 177 motocyclistes de 5 profils différents),
• Un protocole expérimental (protocole CRITIC à base de séquences vidéo de scène routière, pour Common RIsk awareness measurement meThod for Inter-population Comparisons) permettant d’évaluer les compétences des motocyclistes en matière de « détection du danger sur la route » et « d’évaluation de la criticité des situations » de conduite rencontrées (utilisé auprès de 2 groupes de jeunes motocyclistes de profils sportifs, les uns pratiquant le circuit de vitesse et les autres ne le pratiquant pas).

Sans prétendre trancher de façon définitive sur la question de recherche initiale, ces travaux ont néanmoins permis de montrer que, comparativement à d’autres groupes de motocyclistes de profils similaires (i.e. jeunes motards âgés de 18 à 25 ans, adeptes de la moto sportive et intéressés par le circuit de vitesse), la pratique régulière du circuit de vitesse n’impactait pas négativement la sécurité de la conduite à moto sur route ouverte (même si les résultats sont plus contrastés pour les pratiquants occasionnels du circuit), bien au contraire. Ainsi, de l’enquête large, il ressort que certaines pratiques de conduite à risque (dites « arsouilles »), ou « courses sauvages » sur route ouverte, seraient plus limitées chez les jeunes pratiquant régulièrement le circuit que chez des motocyclistes de profil ne faisant pas de circuit. Des questionnaires ciblés, il ressort notamment un nombre d’infractions sur la route plus limité chez les pratiquants réguliers comparés aux pratiquants plus occasionnels et aux non-pratiquants du circuit. Enfin, du protocole CRITIC, il ressort (1) l’absence de toute forme de « surestimation de ses capacités de conduite à moto sur route » susceptible d’être induites par la pratique du circuit, ainsi (2) qu’une meilleure maîtrise émotionnelle (« peur » ressentie face à certaines situations de conduite et « colère » éprouvée), susceptible de déboucher sur une conduite « plus apaisée » de sa moto sur la route, du moins pour ce qui concerne « l’agressivité » ressentie et/ou manifestée vis-à-vis des autres usagers.

People involved in LESCOT: Thierry Bellet

Link: Overview

Objectives:

Continued work on alcohol, with localization of the stimulating or sedative effects as a function of the rising and falling alcohol levels and driving time.

Coordination: IFSTTAR-TS2-LMA (C. Berthelon)

Partners: IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT, IFSTTAR-COSYS-LEPSIS, Toyota Motor Europe

Dates: 27/09/2016 - 30/03/2018

Project funder: TME (Toyota Motor Europe)

Laboratory involvement:

• State of the art
• Methodological implementation
• Scientific follow-up
• Dissemination

People involved in LESCOT: FORT Alexandra, JALLAIS Christophe

Objectives:

The aim of SAFEMOVE is to help older drivers maintain their mobility through the use of adaptive driving aids and learning aids using driving simulators, enabling them to adapt their driving skills to age-related physiological and cognitive changes.

Objectives of the project:

• To identify the determinants of the regulation of driving activity in older drivers, i.e. the factors that contribute to an over- or under-estimation of cognitive abilities and driving skill.
• Use these factors to design a driving simulator training programme and a learning management system
• Use these factors to design an interactive driver-vehicle system to supervise the assistance systems present in the vehicle

Coordination: Claude Marin-Lamellet, IFSTTAR /TS2/LESCOT

Partners: IFSTTAR/TS2/ LESCOT, Continental, Peugeot Citroën SA, CNRS U3413, IFSTTAR/TS2/UMRESTTE, INSERM ERI-27, Oktal, IFSTTAR LEPSIS. This project is being carried out in collaboration with Swedish partners: VTI and VOLVO.

Dates: 01/12/2011 - 30/11/2015

Project funder: ANR

Laboratory involvement:

In addition to coordinating the project, LESCOT is involved in the following three sub-sections:

• Study of the driving performance of three groups of elderly people according to their under, over or correctly estimated cognitive capacity as defined on the basis of the cohort study. 75 elderly drivers completed a course in a real driving situation and a detailed analysis of their cognitive performance.
• Study of the benefits of a cognitive stimulation programme, one component of which uses driving scenarios practised on a driving simulator.
• Study of driving activity based on data collected on an instrumented vehicle (supplemented by two continental technologies), identification of critical situations and definition of an algorithm for monitoring the activity of older drivers, according to the group to which they belong.

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet, Catherine Gabaude, Laurence Paire-Ficout, Thierry Bellet, Marion Hay (doctorante), Jean christophe Paris (doctorant), Philippe Deleurence, Fabien Moreau, Cécilia Gabelle (cdd), Soumicha Beloul (cdd), Nicolas Adam (cdd)

Objectives:

The SERA (Safety and Augmented Reality) project has produced a prototype vehicle with an automotive electronics system that can display on the windscreen, in head-up display (HUD) and augmented reality (AR), driving assistance information derived from the processing of vehicle environment data (vehicle data and objects in the road scene). This information is displayed in the driver's field of vision, with a perspective effect ranging from 10 m to 50 m away. The aim is to communicate visual messages to the driver without forcing him to look away from the road.

Coordination: Visteon

Partners: Ifsttar/Lescot, Ifsttar/Lepsis, PSA, Université de Compiègne, Nexad

Dates: 03/11/2014 - 30/09/2017

Project funder: Ministry FUI

Laboratory involvement:

Responsible for the ‘Ergonomics and safety of HUD displays - Augmented Reality’ task in the project.

• Identify the relevant functionalities to be displayed on the vehicle windscreen, in augmented reality, taking into account accidentology data and knowledge of human perceptive-cognitive capacities in relation to this type of display, and taking into account any limitations and technical constraints of the device
• Define an HMI to display the information selected in the previous step, taking into account the particularities of the driving environment (masking, technical constraints of the HUD, etc.) and the technical specifications of the instrumented vehicle
• Carry out tests designed to assess 1) the principle of the HUD and augmented reality head-up display, and 2) the acceptability and legibility of the information identified as relevant
• To process the data from the tests on the prototype vehicle in a real-life situation in order to finalise recommendations aimed at improving the legibility, visibility and efficiency of the HMI

People involved in LESCOT: Annie Pauzié, Fabien Moreau

References:

• Chapitre d’ouvrage
  • Pauzié A., Head Up Display in Automotive: A New Reality for the Driver, Book & eBook “Design, User Experience, and Usability: Interactive Experience Design », Springer (ed.), 2015.

• Rapports
  • Pauzié, A., 2015, Spécification des fonctionnalités à afficher en HUD-RA compte tenu des priorités sécuritaires, de l’aspect innovant et de la faisabilité technique, Livrable 2.1, projet SERA, Mai 2015, 59 p.
  • Pauzié A., Ferhat L., Kaddouri H. & Moreau F., Tests exploratoires de sécurité et d’acceptabilité, lot 9, projet SERA, Décembre 2016.
  • Ferhat L., Pauzié A., Moreau F. & Kaddouri H., Tests de sécurité et d’acceptabilité en contexte routier diversifié, lot 10, projet SERA, 85 p., Juillet 2017.

Objectives:

Professional drivers differ from other drivers in many ways. They cover a much greater number of kilometres each year and are often required to plan part of their professional activity at the wheel, using their telephone or other nomadic systems that are not always designed for this purpose. The main objectives of this study were to gain a better understanding of : - The motivations, needs and acceptability to these groups of people of using the telephone while travelling on business.

Coordination: IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT

Dates: 25/11/2015 – 31/05/2018

Project funder: DSR (Ministry)

Laboratory involvement:

Firstly, focus groups were used to identify the equipment and mobile phone usage patterns of professional drivers when they are on the road. The motivations, needs and acceptability of these systems were also discussed. This initial phase was used as the basis for a questionnaire administered to 850 workers who travel as part of their job, whether they are professional drivers or mobile professionals, with home-to-work journeys excluded from the analysis.

People involved in LESCOT: Marie-Pierre Bruyas, Myriam Evennou, Hugues Julliand (CDD)

Objectives:

The aim of this project is, firstly, to identify the situations and conditions in which cyclists claim to have been seen little or not at all by other road users and, secondly, to check whether motorists actually have difficulty detecting them in these circumstances. An analysis of quantitative and qualitative accident data will be carried out, as well as a study in a natural context with a cohort of cyclists observed in Lyon and Paris. In addition to the situations and conditions in which cyclists are not very visible, the analysis of accident data and the study in a natural context will be used to identify cyclists' behaviour and/or equipment that would enable them to be more visible. The effect of these behaviours and/or equipment on the detection of cyclists by motorists will be tested in a simulator study.

Coordination: Joceline Rogé, LESCOT, IFSTTAR

Partners:

• UMRESTTE: Joint Epidemiological and Surveillance Research Unit for Transport, Work and the Environment, IFSTTAR
• LEPSIS: Exploitation, Perception, Simulators and Simulations Laboratory
• IFSTTAR EMC: Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms, University of Lyon

Dates: 20/11/2013 - 19/05/2017

Project funder: Fondation Sécurité Routière

Laboratory involvement:

LESCOT, the project leader, is more specifically involved in assessing motorists' ability to detect cyclists. It will carry out the experimental study on a driving simulator in order to understand the situations in which cyclists report that they are not very visible to motorists. The actual visibility of cyclists to motorists will be quantified in terms of visibility distance. Another objective of this project will be to find out whether cyclists are in fact better perceived by motorists if they are equipped with visibility aid systems or if they adopt certain specific travel behaviours in order to be more easily detected by other road users. The real benefit of these systems or behaviours will be quantified precisely in pre-defined situations.

People involved in LESCOT: Joceline Rogé

Objectives:

We're seeing the development of a variety of individual means of transport: segways (gyropods), electric scooters (tricycles or quadricycles), electric scooters, and so on. Their list is probably not set in stone and others are likely to be invented. This boom is having an impact on several aspects of people's mobility. These new means of individual travel are not covered by existing legal frameworks (in particular the highway code), which makes it difficult to understand them; however, it appears that they are a response to the needs of people with reduced mobility. In this respect, they can help to slow down, reduce or compensate for physical discomfort or impairment without being as stigmatising as a wheelchair.

The aims of this study are :

• To draw up an international/European comparison on these issues, drawing on studies already carried out on the subject
• To study the behaviour of these new mobility aids, particularly in the event of emergency braking
• Identify the construction and operating rules that need to be modified

Coordination: Claude Marin-Lamellet (IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT)

Partners: IFSTTAR-TS2-LBMC, Ergoptim

Dates: 01/11/2013 - 31/10/2014

Project funder: DGITM

Laboratory involvement: LESCOT is involved in the state of the art, interviews with players in the field and recommendations.

People involved in LESCOT: C. Marin-Lamellet

Objectives:

In recent years, numerous assistance systems have been developed to make driving easier. As part of this project, two systems will be studied: the collision warning system and the lane departure warning system. These systems can be useful in anticipating, alerting or avoiding potential accidents, by redirecting drivers' attention to high-risk situations. However, behind their beneficial effects, new questions remain to be studied. Using driving simulator experiments, this project aims to study two factors that influence the effectiveness and acceptability (in relation to the stress felt by users) of these systems: the reliability of the system and the time at which the alert is triggered. The results of this project could be of interest to industry, enabling recommendations to be made for the design of driver assistance systems.

Coordination: Alexandra Fort, IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT

Partners: IFSTTAR/COSYS/ LEPSIS, EMC-université Lyon 2

Dates: 01/10/2012 - 30/09/2014

Project funder: FSR

Laboratory involvement: LESCOT is coordinating this project and is responsible for studies on collision warning systems.

People involved in LESCOT: Alexandra Fort, Christophe Jallais, Mercedes Bueno-Garcia, Sébastian Gautier, Fabien Moreau

Objectives:

The ATLAS project aims to assess the impact of a particular source of inattention on driver behaviour: internal thoughts. Internal thoughts are distinctive in that they are both highly invasive (due to the mobilisation of the information processing system at the time of problem solving) and long-lasting. The multi-disciplinary nature of the project (epidemiology, cognitive psychology, neuro-physiology, mathematics and automatic control) is what makes it so innovative. At the epidemiological level, the aim will be to identify the populations and situations at risk. Then, using the methods of experimental psychology, it will be possible to understand the consequences of the various forms of inattention (in the taking in and processing of information, in behaviour in normal situations and in behaviour in the face of risk) at the behavioural and electro-physiological levels. This approach will make it possible to extract from vehicle data behavioural indices modified by inattention, both in situations deemed critical and in normal situations. These indices will eventually be used to detect driver inattention in real time.

Coordination: IFSTTAR (ex-INRETS)

Partners: IFSTTAR (ex-INRETS), INSERM U697 - PPCT, CLLE-LTC, Continental, LM-PXI

Dates: 01/10/2009 - 30/09/2012

Project funder: ANR

Implication du LESCOT :

The project is coordinated by LESCOT. At the scientific level, LESCOT's contribution concerns, on the one hand, the analysis of the effects of inattention on driving using an experimental approach on a driving simulator and, on the other hand, the identification of behavioural indices that can predict driver inattention.

People involved in LESCOT: Catherine Gabaude, Alexandra Fort, Arnaud Bonnard, Fabien Moreau, Daniel Letisserand, Odette Reisser Chanut, Philippe Deleurence

Objectives:

This research focuses on the executive disorders that arise following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke and their possible implications for the driving skills of the patients concerned. A large body of research shows that people with brain injuries have cognitive problems that are likely to have an impact on their ability to drive safely. This research comprises two experimental phases, one using a driving simulator and the other consisting of a study of real-life driving situations on the road. The simulator experiment did not yield any usable results, due to difficulties in including participants and the frailty of those who were able to be included but who had difficulty completing the experiment.

The results of the study in a real-life driving situation indicate that TC drivers retain neurological sequelae which still have an impact, several years later, on their executive functions and their way of managing driving. On the whole, some CT drivers manage their driving safely, but they do not seem to have sufficient ‘room for manoeuvre’ to manage a critical situation given their abilities. In addition, they have little perception of their deficits and it would certainly be useful for them to have regular driving sessions supervised by a professional.

Drivers who had suffered a stroke seemed to be slightly less concerned by driving errors than those who had suffered a TC and, on the whole, had a better perception of their functional state, perhaps because they more frequently had ‘visible’ after-effects such as mild hemiplegia or language disorders. However, as the stroke group studied in this study was limited, another study on a larger group will have to confirm this result.

Coordination: IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT (ex-INRETS LESCOT) (C. Marin-Lamellet)

Partners: IFSTTAR/COSYS/LEPSIS (ex-INRETS LEPSIS), Hôpital Henri Gabrielle, L’ADAPT Rhône

Dates: 01/01/2008 - 31/12/2011

Project funder: ANR

Laboratory involvement: IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT (formerly INRETS LESCOT) coordinated the project and carried out the two experimental phases in collaboration with the project partners.

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet, Virginie Etienne, Arnaud Bonnard, Fabien Moreau, Daniel Letisserand, Philippe Deleurence, Bruno Piechnik

Objectives:

The aim of the DriveCog project is to analyse the naturalistic driving behaviour of Alzheimer's patients and control subjects. A camera is placed in the participants' own vehicle for one month. Each video recording is then analysed in its entirety by two expert psychologists (double coding) who assess the driving activity according to various criteria based on a standard grid (adapting speed, safety distances, obeying traffic signs, anticipation, etc.). All driving incidents that occur during the month are recorded.

Participants are recruited from three sites: CHU Reims, CHU Paris and CHU Strasbourg. Clinical data (cognitive tests) and mobility data are also collected. As of 12 May 2014, 30 participants were included in the study. Double reading and coding of driving activity has been carried out for 15 people. The inclusion period is expected to end in June 2014.

Coordination: Jean-Luc Novella (CHU de Reims)

Partners: IFSTTAR-TS2-UMRESTTE, Gerontology Centre, Sainte Périne Hospital, Paris Neurology Department, CHU de Strasbourg, USR CNRS 3413, Victor Segalen University Bordeaux 2 AXON' CABLE SAS, Montmirail

Dates: 01/09/2011 - 31/03/2015

Project funder: PHRC

Laboratory involvement:

LESCOT, in collaboration with UMRESTTE, is in charge of proposing a video analysis strategy and carrying out a complete evaluation of the recordings sent by the various experimental sites (Reims-Paris-Strasbourg).

People involved in LESCOT: Laurence Paire-Ficout, Fanny Conte, Cécilia Gabel

Document: Protocole PHRC DriveCog

Objectives:

To compare the effectiveness of two training programmes aimed at older drivers who do not correctly assess their cognitive abilities: a cognitive training programme versus cognitive training combined with driving experience in a simulator.

Coordination: IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (C. Gabaude)

Partners: J. Navarro (Univ.Lyon2-EMC)

Dates: 01/01/2013 - 15/12/2015

Project funder: Région Rhône-Alpes

Laboratory involvement: Completion of the study

People involved in LESCOT: C. Gabaude, M. Hay & N. Adam

Objectives:

The aim of this project is to help make cars safer and more ergonomic by integrating information and communication technologies, in particular automatic driving assistance systems. It focuses on the function of preventing unintentional lane departures, on bends or in a straight line, using trajectory failure observers to prevent and detect high-risk situations and human failures, acting in anticipation of ESP-type devices. It therefore deals with the issue of Human-Machine Cooperation, looking at the question of the sharing of responsibilities between the driver and the assistance devices in the control of the vehicle, considering in particular the problems of acceptability of automata, driving styles (individual differences) or distraction. Although focused primarily on lateral control, this project will nevertheless concern itself with the integration of lateral and longitudinal trajectory control functions, particularly in the context of adapting the vehicle's speed as it approaches a bend.

Coordination: Ecole Centrale de Nantes Partenaires : CNRS – IRCCyN, Université de Rennes 2 – CRPCC, CNRS – IBISC, IFFSTAR-TS2-LESCOT (ex INRETS / LESCOT), IFSTTAR (ex INRETS/LCPC), IFSTTAR-COSYS-LIVIC (ex INRETS / LIVIC), OKTAL, Renault

Dates: 01/12/2008 - 30/11/2011

Project funder: ANR

Laboratory involvement:

To propose a model for real-time analysis of driving activity, making it possible to assess the appropriateness of driver behaviour and the difficulties encountered, with regard to the risks of leaving the safe lane. Ultimately, the aim is to design and develop algorithms for ‘real-time’ estimation of the risks of leaving the safe lane(s), with a view to specifying the nature and form of the assistance required under current driving conditions (i.e. real-time adaptation of the CHM).

People involved in LESCOT: Thierry Bellet, Arnaud Bonnard, Philippe Deleurence, Fabien Moreau 

Objectives:

The aim of this project was to develop an innovative safety system solution for on-board equipment to assist access to trains for passengers with reduced mobility (Transilien, TER, main lines).
The project had two intertwined aspects: technological innovation applied to a public transport infrastructure, involving Ile-de-France and mainline equipment, and social innovation enabling passengers with reduced mobility to integrate into the standard flow of users accessing trains. The diversity of platform heights at stations and the different floor heights of rolling stock led us to opt for a solution based on an on-board mechatronic system for bridging the platform/train gap, levelling the platform/car access and possibly associated with a reasonable modification to the fixed infrastructure.

The project is divided into 2 phases:

• Phase 1: Recommending optimal solutions based on the existing state of the art
• Phase 2: Production of prototypes

Coordination: SNCF

Partners:

• SNCF
• ALSTOM
• IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT (formerly INRETS/LESCOT)
• Laboratory of Ethnology of Contemporary Worlds, University of Paris 7
• Réseau Ferré de France
• Vitech
• CEA LIST (Systems and Technology Integration Laboratory)

Dates: 01/01/2005 - 31/12/2011

Project funder: PREDIT project

Laboratory involvement:

LESCOT was involved in phases 1 and 2.

    Phase 1:

• Study of the social environment: identification of the audiences likely to be affected, and the difficulties and needs of these users
• Analysis of existing solutions (technical, organisational, functional, etc.)
• Identification of accessibility criteria

    Phase 2:

• Development of prototypes: monitoring the implementation of phase 1 recommendations in terms of ergonomics and safety, development of the rolling stock/infrastructure interface (modifications to be made to the infrastructure/rolling stock pairing)
• Experimentation: validation tests for usability by users with reduced mobility, operators and other users
• Organisational analysis to integrate the system into the ecological context

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet, Céline Grange-Faivre, Aline Alauzet

Document:résultats phase1.pdf

Objectives:

There is little data on the habits and travel strategies of visually impaired people using public transport, particularly during multimodal journeys. This research will therefore address two areas of knowledge:

• Intermodal situations in the mobility chain: This will involve identifying the physical components (routes, information systems, spaces, ticketing systems) and the organisational components in order to characterise the situations encountered (typology).
• Multimodal travel (e.g. rail/public transport) by visually impaired people:
  • Interchange hub practices
  • Orientation and information strategies
  • Performing complex related tasks (in particular buying tickets)

This project will highlight the issues (layout, passenger information, etc.) that make the interconnection of transport modes and networks more complex and have an impact on the continuity of journeys for people with disabilities. The cross-analysis carried out between interchange designs (AOT and operator approaches) and the difficulties analysed for people with visual impairments (and more broadly for senior citizens) will enable recommendations to be identified that will influence future designs.

Coordination: Chloé Pageot, Street Lab (Vision Institute)

Partners: Ergoptim, IFSTTAR TS2 LESCOT

Dates: 01/09/2013 - 31/10/2015

Project funder: PREDIT 3

Laboratory involvement: LESCOT is contributing its expertise to all aspects of the project, including the data collection phases in real-life travel situations.

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet, Caroline Pigeon, Fabien Moreau

Objectives:

There is no power steering system adapted to the articular capacities (rheumatism of various kinds), muscular capacities (reduced strength, senescence), or even the pain felt by the driver, which is a shortcoming when it comes to drivers with reduced mobility (e.g. elderly or disabled people).

The aim of the VOLHAND project was to develop a new generation of electric power steering that takes into account the characteristics of drivers with reduced mobility. In order to bring this new product to market as quickly as possible, the plan was to select an existing electric power steering system on the market and modify it sufficiently to take account of the specific needs of people with reduced mobility.

Coordination: Philippe Pudlo (LAMIH, University of Valenciennes)

Partners: IFSTTAR-COSYS-LIVIC (ex-INRETS LIVIC), Hopale foundation, CRHU Lille, JTEKT, Gipsa Lab (CNRS Grenoble)

Dates: 01/01/2009 - 31/12/2012

Project funder: ANR

Laboratory involvement:

LESCOT was involved in the design of the experimental protocols for the studies on the platform for measuring driving forces and on the simulation platform, as well as in the production and analysis of questionnaires for the subjective evaluation of the efforts made. As the project encountered a number of technical problems, a demonstrator could not be produced by LAMIH and the final on-track evaluation, which was to have been carried out with LIVIC, could not take place.

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet

Link: www.univ-valenciennes.fr/volhand/

Objectives:

The BIOVAM project (Information and orientation needs of blind or partially sighted passengers in public transport) was coordinated by INRETS between 1997 and 2002, with SNCF, RATP and APAM (Association pour les Personnes Aveugles ou Malvoyantes) as partners. This project was funded by PREDIT as part of the ‘New services for users’ thematic group. As part of the project, 173 blind or partially-sighted people took part in an experiment involving a complex journey in a station or RER station using a navigation aid consisting of a voice information system and podotactile markings (raised strips on the ground). In addition to methodological validation, the results of this project have made it possible to draw up recommendations for the layout of transport spaces, so as to make the best possible use of the functionalities of navigation aid systems without overloading blind or partially-sighted people or compromising their safety.

Coordination: IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (ex-INRETS/LESCOT)

Partners: SNCF, RATP, APAM

Dates: 01/01/1997 - 31/12/2002

Project funder: PREDIT 1 ET 2

Laboratory involvement: INRETS LESCOT was the project coordinator. In addition, IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (formerly INRETS/LESCOT), together with the Ergonomics Laboratory of Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University and APAM, carried out and operated the experiments.

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet

Document: plaquette_BIOVAM.pdf

Objectives:

The aims of this research were to evaluate the dynamics of cognitive (executive) function development in drivers who had suffered a head injury, using a longitudinal approach, and to study the driving skills of these drivers. To this end, the patients selected underwent a neuropsychological assessment on entering the functional rehabilitation centre, on leaving and one year later; a structured observation of driving was carried out in a real driving situation on leaving the functional rehabilitation centre.

Coordination: IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (C. Marin-Lamellet)

Partners: Functional Rehabilitation Centres, Lyon 2 University (EMC Laboratory)

Dates: 01/01/2003 - 31/12/2007

Project funder: CNSR/IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (ex-INRETS/LESCOT) convention N°2003/092/T

Laboratory involvement: LESCOT carried out all the work relating to this project, i.e. the neuropsychological assessments and the structured observations in real driving situations

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet, Virginie Etienne, Catherine Gabaude, Céline Goupil

Document: ecotraca.pdf

Objectives:

The aim of the study is to analyse the difficulties encountered by wheelchair users in crossing the platform/threshold gaps in guided transport systems (trams, underground trains and guided buses). It is being carried out by means of an experiment, with the aim of providing assistance in determining the maximum gaps (horizontal and vertical) between the nose of the platform and the threshold of the vehicle, enabling disabled people to board - and alight from - guided transport as independently as possible.

Coordination: IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (ex-Inrets/Lescot)

Partners: Unex (model built by Richard Roussillon)

Dates: 01/09/2008 - 31/08/2009

Project funder: Commissioned by the DGMT (MEEDAD)

Laboratory involvement: Lescot was commissioned to design and carry out the study

People involved in LESCOT: Céline Grange-Faivre, Aline Alauzet, Claude Marin-Lamellet, Noémie Rénier, Nicolas Dapzol, Vincent Blanchet, Elodie Gigout

Objectives:

As the concept of sustainable mobility develops, the combination of increased personal mobility and technological advances is leading to a significant acceleration in the development of services based on satellite positioning (LBS). The MOBIVILLE project, which has been accredited by two competitiveness clusters: Toulouse's AESE cluster and Lyon's LUTB 2015 cluster, aims to develop a mobile information service for multimodal travellers using the public transport network. More specifically, this service, available on an A-GPS mobile phone, will guide passengers in the use of different urban modes of transport:

• public transport (bus, metro, tram, trolleybus, funicular), including network disruptions and stop times updated in real time
• public self-service bicycle hire in Lyon (Vélo'v), indicating the location and number of bicycles and spaces available at each station
• pedestrians, indicating the passenger's position, the position of bus stops and metro stations, and the destination, on a map background

The project places the user at the heart of the development of this innovative service, with an integrated approach that takes ergonomic aspects into account throughout the project. The project aims to develop the entire technical chain on the Lyon network, from the operators' databases to the presentation of information to the customer, based on a precise definition of the use cases. The technical hardware and software choices are based on a definition of MOBIVILLE's operational requirements and on a generic hardware and software platform for hosting applications based on the geolocation of mobile terminals. The functional specifications were drawn up using UML use case modelling to describe nominal and degraded use scenarios. The project is part of an iterative co-design approach between the various project partners from the satellite positioning, public transport and ergonomics for transport and transport safety sectors, and includes end users from the upstream phases.

Coordination: Artal Partenaires : SYTRAL, Keolis SA, Keolis Lyon, IFSTTAR (ex INRETS), Canal TP, Grand Lyon, Algoé

Dates: 01/09/2008 - 31/08/2009

Project funder: Project funded by the French Ministry of the Economy, Finance and Industry, Direction Générale Entreprises, as part of the ULISS programme

Laboratory involvement:

Initially, usability rules were defined, based on previous knowledge of the needs of multimodal travellers, and adapted to the context of the mobile phone, as well as on existing ergonomic design recommendations. This work led to the production of an ergonomic mock-up to specify the application's functionalities, the interface design, the dialogue and navigation methods, and the pictographic standards relevant to the service. The second phase of the project will involve two full-scale trials with around a hundred users, enabling the service to be assessed at several stages of its technical development.

People involved in LESCOT: Annie Pauzié, Houda Hamama, Anthony Bathsavanis

Document: posterMOBIVILLE-1.pdf

Objectives:

The aim of the POTAS project was to analyse the activity limitations and restrictions on participation in social life of disabled people from the point of view of transport use. The aim of the POTAS project was to identify these people and analyse their travel practices by refining our knowledge of the disability situations encountered and by determining profiles according to the different disability situations. In addition to analysing the different types of disability encountered in transport, using major surveys on transport and disability, the aim was to focus on the difficulties encountered by people with mental, psychic or cognitive disabilities in using transport systems, using a field survey.

Coordination: Lescot (Aline Alauzet)

Partners: CTNERHI (National technical centre for studies and research into disabilities and maladjustments) – Jésus Sanchez, Dominique Velche

Dates: 01/02/2008 - 30/04/2010

Project funder: IReSP (Inserm)

Laboratory involvement:

As well as coordinating the project, Lescot was responsible for all the analyses carried out using data from surveys focusing on transport (ENTD 2007-2008, EGT 2001) and disability (HID 1999). Lescot also designed, carried out and used the field survey of people with mental, psychic or cognitive disabilities. A research report was written on each of these two phases of the project.

People involved in LESCOT: Aline Alauzet, Fanny Conte (CDD)

Documents: 

• Rapport final POTAS Tome1    
• Rapport final POTAS Tome2

Publications :

• Alauzet, A. (2011). People who encounter disability in transport and their travel practices. Closing seminar for the IReSP call for proposals "Le handicap, un nouvel enjeu de santé publique", Paris, 04 May 2011.
• Alauzet, A., Sanchez, J. and Velche, D. (2010). People who experience disability in transport and their travel practices. Volume 1 of the POTAS project's final report (GIS-IReSP funding) - Juin 2010, Rapport Lescot n°1001, INRETS et CTNERHI, Bron, Septembre 2010, 96 p.
• Alauzet, A., Conte, F., Sanchez, J. and Velche, D. (2010). People with mental, psychic or cognitive disabilities and the use of transport. Volume 2 of the POTAS project's final report (GIS-IReSP funding) - Juin 2010, Rapport Lescot n°1002, INRETS et CTNERHI, Bron, Septembre 2010, 141 p.Alauzet, A., Sanchez, J. and Velche, D. (2009). Travel practices of people with disabilities in transport (POTAS project). IReSP call for proposals mid-term seminar "Le handicap, un nouvel enjeu de santé publique", Paris, 12 June 2009.

Objectives:

The aim of this research project is to reveal the social, administrative and technical mechanisms that have a positive or negative influence on the policy of making public transport networks in Lyon and Stuttgart accessible. A detailed examination of the Lyon and Stuttgart cases has shown that accessibility to transport for disabled people is a public problem subject to multiple constraints and issues. It is undeniable that the structuring of societal demand and the ways in which it is expressed play a crucial role in the development of local policy. But local policy is also contingent on past technical and political choices. An analysis of the Lyon and Stuttgart networks also reveals that the legitimacy of the legal instrument depends heavily on the technical credibility of its prescriptions. The specialised transport service is also a component of the local accessibility policy: its level of service, fare structure and eligibility conditions are all levers in the hands of the transport organising authority to influence the behaviour of disabled people. Finally, local accessibility policies are also influenced by various cultural and other factors, as we have seen with regard to the type of pallet in buses and pedometer strips.

Coordination: INRETS/LESCOT

Partners: IFSTTAR (ex-INRETS), LTN

Dates: 01/01/2004 - 30/12/2006

Type de projet : PREDIT 3 project

Laboratory involvement: LESCOT is the coordinator and scientific leader of this project

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet, Eric Heyrman, Aline Alauzet

Documents:  Synthesis in English.pdf, Synthese auf Deutsch.pdf

Objectives:

PUVAME aims to ensure the safety of passengers, pedestrians and other ‘vulnerable’ persons in the vicinity of and when manoeuvring public transport vehicles, trams and buses, particularly articulated buses:

• Improving the driver's perception capabilities by merging data from various on-board sensors (cameras, radar, laser rangefinder, etc.) with data from external sensors (cameras located at bus stops or dangerous junctions)
• Detection and assessment of dangerous situations, by analysing current data relating to ‘driver behaviour’ and the result of the assessment of the ‘dangerousness’ of manoeuvres in progress
• Triggering of alerts and associated actions in the vehicle (directional or non-directional audible warnings, haptic alarms on the steering, for example, braking if the driver fails to react and this function is available on the vehicle, etc.)
• Triggering of audible warnings for vulnerable road users, for example with directional warnings carried by the vehicle or audible or visual warnings on the infrastructure
• Integration and trials on vehicles and a preliminary study on buses and/or trams

Coordination: INRIA

Partners: IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (exINRETS /LESCOT), Ecole des Mines, Connex-Eurolum, Probayes, Intempora, Robosoft

Dates: 01/01/2004 - 30/12/2006

Project funder: PREDIT

Laboratory involvement:

• Identification of typical bus/pedestrian accident scenarios based on analysis of a database of real accidents that have recently occurred in France
• Presentation of these scenarios to the partners in order to define the functionalities and the man-machine interface of an automatic warning system to inform the bus driver and the pedestrian of a critical situation
• Survey of a sample of Parisian bus drivers to validate and refine the accident scenarios and the functionalities of an automatic alert system

People involved in LESCOT: Annie Pauzié

Objectives:

The aim of the experimental part of the SEROVIE project was to establish a link between the attentional deficits displayed by people with Alzheimer's disease and their driving skills.

Coordination: IFSTTAR (ex-INRETS)

Partners: IFSTTAR-TS2-LESCOT (ex INRETS /LESCOT) , IFSTTAR-TS2- UMRESTTE (ex INRETS /UMRESTTE), Bellevue-St Etienne Hospital, INSERM

Dates: 01/01/2001 - 31/12/2004

Project funder: DSCR

Laboratory involvement: LESCOT carried out the experimental part of the project, which consisted of a real-life situation involving a group of drivers in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, coupled with a neuropsychological assessment of attentional deficits.

People involved in LESCOT: Claude Marin-Lamellet, Laurence Paire-Ficout, Philippe Deleurence, Céline Goupil, Bruno Piechnik

Document: SEROVIE.pdf

Objectives:

Designing visual messages to convey emergency and disruption information in a station or interchange.

Coordination: Laurence Paire-Ficout

Partners: Laurent Saby (CERTU) - Gérard Guarracino (ENTPE-LASH)

Dates: 01/12/2007 - 31/12/2009

Project funder: PREDIT

Laboratory involvement:

• Analysis of the literature
• Protocol development
• Conducting the experiments
• Data analysis
• Valuation

People involved in LESCOT: Aline Alauzet, Fanny Conte

Objectives:

The safety of vulnerable road users (pedestrians and two-wheelers) is an essential road safety issue. Accidents involving lorries in urban environments often have dramatic or even fatal consequences for the most vulnerable. The aim of the VIVRE 2 project was to develop technological solutions that would significantly reduce the number of such accidents. The team, made up of researchers in the humanities and engineering sciences and specialists in accidentology, lighting and transport safety, drew on the needs of drivers and the behaviour of vulnerable road users to pursue two complementary approaches, one based on vehicle lighting and visibility and the other on detection assistance systems. The assistance system chosen consists of an immobiliser, emergency braking and a speed limiter, supplemented by visual feedback and light and sound alarms.

Coordination: RENAULT TRUCKS

Partners: Société INGELUX, RENAULT TRUCKS, CEESAR, ENTPE (LASH), Université LYON2 (LEACM), IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT (ex-INRETS/LESCOT)

Dates: 01/12/2005 - 01/12/2008

Project funder: ANR – PREDIT project

Laboratory involvement:

LESCOT was particularly involved in the design and development phases of the assistance system. In particular, LESCOT evaluated the technical solutions dedicated to perception (sensors), defined a methodology for simulator testing of the impact of sensor choices on the effectiveness of assistance systems and developed an interface management module based on the driver's needs. The integration, development and testing approach chosen has been effective for iterative development and has been validated both in terms of reducing software development time and its economic efficiency (saving on downtime for the Renault Trucks driving simulator).

People involved in LESCOT: Hélène Tattegrain, Arnaud Bonnard, Marie-Pierre Bruyas